The Importance of Labelling Doors and Cupboards for People Living with Dementia

Dementia affects memory, recognition, and spatial awareness, making it increasingly difficult for individuals to navigate their own homes. One practical way to support independence and reduce frustration is by labelling doors and cupboards with words or pictures. Simple, clear signage can help a person living with dementia recognise essential areas, such as the bathroom, kitchen, or bedroom, and find everyday items like plates, cups, or medication.

In this blog post, we’ll explore why labelling is beneficial, how to implement it effectively, and some best practices to ensure the approach remains useful as dementia progresses.

Why Label Doors and Cupboards?

As dementia progresses, individuals often experience:

• Memory Loss – Forgetting where everyday items are stored or which door leads to the bathroom.
• Disorientation – Struggling to recognise familiar spaces, even within their own home.
• Decision Fatigue – Becoming overwhelmed when trying to recall where something is kept.
• Increased Anxiety – Feeling confused or frustrated when unable to locate essential items.

Labelling helps mitigate these challenges by providing visual reminders and clear cues that can aid recognition and reduce distress.

How to Label Doors and Cupboards Effectively

When implementing labels, consider the following key principles:

1. Use Clear, Large Fonts and Simple Language

Labels should be easy to read with large, bold lettering. Avoid cursive or decorative fonts that might be difficult for someone with visual impairment or cognitive decline. Stick to straightforward words like “Toilet,” “Kitchen,” or “Cups.”

2. Incorporate Pictures Alongside Words

People with dementia may struggle with word recognition, so using images can reinforce understanding. For example, a picture of a toilet on the bathroom door or an image of plates on a kitchen cupboard can provide an additional visual cue.

3. Position Labels at Eye Level

Ensure labels are placed where they will be easily seen. For cupboard doors, position the labels at the typical standing eye level. If the person frequently uses a wheelchair, adjust the positioning accordingly.

4. Use Contrast for Visibility

A dark font on a light background (or vice versa) improves readability. Poor contrast can make labels difficult to see, particularly for those experiencing vision changes due to dementia.

5. Keep It Consistent

Use the same style, size, and colour of labels throughout the home to make recognition easier. Avoid frequent changes, as this can cause confusion.

6. Ensure Labels Are Durable and Secure

Laminating labels or using wipe-clean surfaces prevents them from becoming damaged or illegible over time. Secure them firmly in place to prevent peeling or falling off.

7. Adapt Labels as Dementia Progresses

In the early stages, simple words may be sufficient, but later on, a combination of images and words might be more effective. If an individual stops responding to certain labels, consider adjusting them to meet their evolving needs.

Best Places to Use Labels

• Doors – Label rooms such as the bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, and living room.
• Cupboards and Drawers – Identify storage areas for essentials like food, cutlery, medication, and clothing.
• Appliances – Mark key functions on appliances, such as “On/Off” for the kettle or “Hot Water” for the tap.
• Light Switches – Indicate which switch controls which light, especially in larger homes.

Additional Strategies to Complement Labelling

While labels are highly effective, they work best when combined with other dementia-friendly adaptations:

• Declutter and Organise – A tidy, well-organised home makes it easier to locate items.
• Use Open Shelving – This can help make objects more visible and reduce the need for excessive labelling.
• Stick to a Routine – Keeping items in the same place and maintaining a predictable routine supports recognition and memory.
• Encourage Familiarisation – Regularly encourage the person to use the labels, reinforcing their usefulness.

The Psychological Benefits of Labelling

Beyond the practical advantages, labelling supports emotional well-being:

• Reduces Stress and Anxiety – Knowing where to find things prevents frustration.
• Promotes Independence – Enables individuals to complete daily tasks with less reliance on carers.
• Encourages Confidence – Reinforces a sense of control and familiarity within the home environment.

For carers, labelling can also reduce the number of repeated questions about where things are kept, making daily life smoother for everyone.

Conclusion

Labelling doors and cupboards is a simple yet powerful tool in creating a dementia-friendly home. By providing clear visual cues, it helps individuals retain their independence, reduces confusion, and makes day-to-day life easier for both the person with dementia and their carers. Implementing well-designed, consistent labels tailored to an individual’s needs can make a significant difference in maintaining a sense of familiarity and security.

By making these small adaptations, we can help create a home environment that supports dignity, confidence, and ease of living for those with dementia.

Sources

1. Dementia UK. (2023). “How to create a dementia-friendly home.” Available here

2. Alzheimer’s Society. (2023). “How to support a person with dementia at home.” Available here

3. NHS. (2023). “Dementia: changes in behaviour and environment adaptations.” Available here